A bunion is characterized by a painful and swollen bump in the joint connecting your big toe to your foot. The enlargement that is seen is actually a misalignment of the big toe joint.
There are many causes for bunion formation. One of the causes is having abnormal foot biomechanics like overpronation. Other causes are previous foot conditions such as sprains, fractures, nerve injuries, loose ligaments, and low muscle tone.
Heredity also plays a role in bunion formation. The risk of having bunions is increased if other members of the family have the condition. Gout and rheumatoid arthritis is also said to be associated with bunions.
Using ill-fitting shoes is likely to make an existing bunion worse. Wearing high heels also cause considerable strain on the toe joint because they tend to push the body weight onto the front of the foot.
Here are home treatments for bunions that can ease the pain and discomfort:
- Take nonprescription medicines such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen following the recommended dose to help relieve toe pain.
- Elevate the foot to help reduce inflammation.
- Apply ice to the painful joint to ease pain.
- Use orthotics, arch supports, or bunion pads at the bottom of the foot to redistribute the weight and take the pressure off the big toe.
- If possible, use custom made shoes to ensure proper fit. Another way is to use shoes with a bigger toe box. There should be enough space between the tip of the longest toe to the end of the shoe. The shoes should not squeeze any part of the foot and should be roomy enough for the toes. Switching to sandals instead of closed shoes can leave the painful area of the foot exposed.
- Pads inside the shoes or foam rubber cut into a doughnut shape with the hole for the bunion is another easy but effective home remedy.
- Avoid activities that put pressure on the foot, especially the big toe.
